Tuesday, November 17, 2015
Sheep Heart Dissection Videos
Here's a video that we did about the sheep heart we dissected in anatomy! We labeled all of main heart characteristics, and in the second video we talked about the electrical impulses travelling through the heart.
Thursday, November 12, 2015
Sheep Heart Dissection
1. The purpose of the pericardium is to surround and protect the heart. It has two layers- the outer pericardium and the inner peridcardium. The outer pericardium anchors the heart, prevents overstretching, and protects the heart. The inner pericardium has the partiel layer and the visceral layer- and in between that is the pericardial fluid that reduces friction in the heart.
2. Veins are used to carry blood to the heart from the tissues. They have thinner walls that arteries and have one way valves inside of them that block the back flow of blood. Arteries are elastic and contractile to expand when the heart contracts and recoil when it relaxes. Arteries carry blood from the heart to the tissues.
3. The auricle is similar is to an ear like shape, when blood floods into the area, it serves as holding extra blood for the heart, adding extra volume to the heart.
4. The atria seemed to have more fat around it, which may have been the auricle serving as an appendage to the atria, while the ventricles do not have auricles on their external surface.
6.
7. The chordae tenidae and papillary muscle serve as an anchor of the valves to the heart. This prevents the inversion of the valves with every contraction and relaxation.
8. The bicuspid valve is a dual flap valve. It is between the left atria and the left ventricle and is anchored to the endocardium by the chordae tenidae and papillary muscle that prevent the inversion of the valve.
9. The semi-lunar valves prevent arterial blood from entering the heart. They are two main ones in the heart - the pulmonary semi-lunar valve. and the aortic semi-lunar valves.
10a. If there was a blockage in the right side of the heart, that means that there would be back flow into the superior and inferior vena cava. The inferior vena cava would be most affected due to gravity, and since it is an artery, it has no one way valves to prevent this back flow either. Gravity would then make the blood flow down to the lower extremities, causing feet and ankles to swell.
10b. The left side of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body. If there was a blockage on the left side, I would expect to see back flow into the lungs, since blood enters the left side of the body through the pulmonary veins. There would likely be some heaviness in the chest, as well as difficulty breathing from the blood pooling in the lungs.
11.
12. The left side of the heart deals with oxygenated blood while the right side deals with oxygenated blood. The left side of the heart is also a bit thicker, especially in the left ventricle because it needs to be strong enough to deliver blood up and over the aorta and to the entire body. The right ventricle on the other hand has a thinner myocardium wall since it only needs to deliver blood to the lungs.
13.
2. Veins are used to carry blood to the heart from the tissues. They have thinner walls that arteries and have one way valves inside of them that block the back flow of blood. Arteries are elastic and contractile to expand when the heart contracts and recoil when it relaxes. Arteries carry blood from the heart to the tissues.
3. The auricle is similar is to an ear like shape, when blood floods into the area, it serves as holding extra blood for the heart, adding extra volume to the heart.
4. The atria seemed to have more fat around it, which may have been the auricle serving as an appendage to the atria, while the ventricles do not have auricles on their external surface.
7. The chordae tenidae and papillary muscle serve as an anchor of the valves to the heart. This prevents the inversion of the valves with every contraction and relaxation.
8. The bicuspid valve is a dual flap valve. It is between the left atria and the left ventricle and is anchored to the endocardium by the chordae tenidae and papillary muscle that prevent the inversion of the valve.
9. The semi-lunar valves prevent arterial blood from entering the heart. They are two main ones in the heart - the pulmonary semi-lunar valve. and the aortic semi-lunar valves.
10a. If there was a blockage in the right side of the heart, that means that there would be back flow into the superior and inferior vena cava. The inferior vena cava would be most affected due to gravity, and since it is an artery, it has no one way valves to prevent this back flow either. Gravity would then make the blood flow down to the lower extremities, causing feet and ankles to swell.
10b. The left side of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body. If there was a blockage on the left side, I would expect to see back flow into the lungs, since blood enters the left side of the body through the pulmonary veins. There would likely be some heaviness in the chest, as well as difficulty breathing from the blood pooling in the lungs.
11.
12. The left side of the heart deals with oxygenated blood while the right side deals with oxygenated blood. The left side of the heart is also a bit thicker, especially in the left ventricle because it needs to be strong enough to deliver blood up and over the aorta and to the entire body. The right ventricle on the other hand has a thinner myocardium wall since it only needs to deliver blood to the lungs.
13.
Wednesday, November 11, 2015
Unit 3 Reflection
This unit was about the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. The cardiovascular system works through a system of blood vessels, organs, and accessory organs that help the system function. Examples of main organs would be the heart, and examples of accessory organs would be the kidney, liver, small and large intestines. Since the circulatory system is needed to transport oxygen and nutrients to the billions of cells in your body, as well as transport away waste such as urea and carbon dioxide; the system is vitally important to the functions of the body. To better understand the different parts of the heart and the pathway that blood flows through the heart we drew a heart of chalk and walked through it.
The importance of the circulatory system is what makes cardiovascular diseases such as strokes or heart attacks so life threatening. "1.5 million heart attacks in the United Staes occur each year with 500,000 deaths" (Women's Heart Foundation). A heart attack is when blood supply to the myocardium is severely reduced or stopped resulting in damage to the heart cells or death of heart cells. It is usually when one or more of the coronary arteries is blocked, and is often caused by atherosclerosis. It can also be called: myocardial infarction (MI), coronary occlusion, coronary thrombosis. Easily mistaken as a heart attack, a stroke is a brain injury that occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted. It can also be called a CVA or a cerebrovascular accident.
To avoid cardiovascular disease, people should be aware to how they are treating their bodies. They should monitor their blood pressure (especially since 40-90% of all stroke victims had high BP before their stroke), control their cholesterol levels, stop/never start smoking, exercise, manage stress, eat a healthy diet, drink alcohol in moderation, monitor their chances of diabetes, and control their weight.
This unit was really interesting to me, but I felt that I missed out on some parts since I was gone for majority of the sheep heart dissection that we did in class. I felt that I actually understood the material pretty well, and studied by making my own flashcards with pictures and went back to make sure I could understand the essential questions and vocab of each unit. But I think that when I took the test I started to stress myself out and second guess myself, and from there it spiraled down even though I knew the material. This unit in itself went pretty well, but there were some technical issues that I had with the blog that added extra stress and I started to psych myself out before I even took the test. To compare to the Unit 2 Goals, I think that I actually improved on some aspects of them, including sleep, but I think I need to update my goals since a lot of things happened since I created them. For the remainder of the semester, I want to focus on getting back on track with school and grades since I realized that no matter how hard I try at studying, nothing's going to change if I don't change other parts of my life first.
In the video we say that the blood enters from the left pulmonary vein into the right atrium, but that was a mistake on our part, we meant to say left.
The importance of the circulatory system is what makes cardiovascular diseases such as strokes or heart attacks so life threatening. "1.5 million heart attacks in the United Staes occur each year with 500,000 deaths" (Women's Heart Foundation). A heart attack is when blood supply to the myocardium is severely reduced or stopped resulting in damage to the heart cells or death of heart cells. It is usually when one or more of the coronary arteries is blocked, and is often caused by atherosclerosis. It can also be called: myocardial infarction (MI), coronary occlusion, coronary thrombosis. Easily mistaken as a heart attack, a stroke is a brain injury that occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted. It can also be called a CVA or a cerebrovascular accident.
To avoid cardiovascular disease, people should be aware to how they are treating their bodies. They should monitor their blood pressure (especially since 40-90% of all stroke victims had high BP before their stroke), control their cholesterol levels, stop/never start smoking, exercise, manage stress, eat a healthy diet, drink alcohol in moderation, monitor their chances of diabetes, and control their weight.
Sunday, November 8, 2015
Monday Wellness Reflection
For our Monday Wellness Topic- we chose to study the benefits and harms that snacking has on the body and how to avoid unhealthy snacking. Snacking is often overlooked in favor of education of the larger meals of the day - breakfast, lunch, and dinner - but in the end what you do between those meals also greatly affects your health and metabolism. One of the most interesting things that I learned through this presentation was how other countries also viewed American snacking. We featured a video about "Italians tasting American Snacks" by Buzzfeed, and seeing their reaction to American food and how they urged Americans that "There are better things to eat" really showed how unhealthy snacking is something that's ingrained into American society. Without healthy snacking, it does not matter how healthy you eat overall, because all positive effects are reversed when you increase your LDL levels or sodium levels when you snack. Overall, I would grade ourselves a 9.5 because we did go over time slightly, despite our best intentions, and there were some parts of the presentation that did not flow as smoothly as other parts.
When we were researching, it was interesting to see how many aspects of health in general were affected by unhealthy snacking and how many scholarly reports were published on it as well. I thought that it was great that so many people were looking into the repercussions that snacking was causing on the American diet, but surprised that despite that, American's are still known for eating unhealthy foods and drinks on a daily basis. I think that if these articles and reports were taken more seriously and not just as a suggestion, the overall American diet could become much healthier. The effects really are not something to be taken lightly either. By increasing your LDL rate and lowering/not changing your HDL, you can cause atherosclerosis, which is the build up of fatty material deposits in the blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow in them and causing a clot to form, which can then lead to an aneurysm and high blood pressure. Insulin and leptin resistance can also occur, along with the formation of type 2 diabetes, which needs constant monitoring for the rest of the individuals life. As we showed in our Monday Wellness, eating a healthy snacks is not that hard to do, and it can be a fun activity too. I thought that everyone really enjoyed making the apple monsters, but I was worried that some may not repeat the process at home because all in all, grabbing a bag of Hot Cheetos is easier than preparing a healthy homemade snack. I think that's also a part of American society that has to change, because people need to be willing to make the effort to eat healthier if they want to be healthier. Without that change, the whole purpose of all the reports and articles written become essentially useless, because if people are not going to change their lifestyles to eat healthier, it won't matter if they were aware of the repercussions and consequences of their actions since those negative health effects would happen anyways.
When we were researching, it was interesting to see how many aspects of health in general were affected by unhealthy snacking and how many scholarly reports were published on it as well. I thought that it was great that so many people were looking into the repercussions that snacking was causing on the American diet, but surprised that despite that, American's are still known for eating unhealthy foods and drinks on a daily basis. I think that if these articles and reports were taken more seriously and not just as a suggestion, the overall American diet could become much healthier. The effects really are not something to be taken lightly either. By increasing your LDL rate and lowering/not changing your HDL, you can cause atherosclerosis, which is the build up of fatty material deposits in the blood vessels, making it harder for blood to flow in them and causing a clot to form, which can then lead to an aneurysm and high blood pressure. Insulin and leptin resistance can also occur, along with the formation of type 2 diabetes, which needs constant monitoring for the rest of the individuals life. As we showed in our Monday Wellness, eating a healthy snacks is not that hard to do, and it can be a fun activity too. I thought that everyone really enjoyed making the apple monsters, but I was worried that some may not repeat the process at home because all in all, grabbing a bag of Hot Cheetos is easier than preparing a healthy homemade snack. I think that's also a part of American society that has to change, because people need to be willing to make the effort to eat healthier if they want to be healthier. Without that change, the whole purpose of all the reports and articles written become essentially useless, because if people are not going to change their lifestyles to eat healthier, it won't matter if they were aware of the repercussions and consequences of their actions since those negative health effects would happen anyways.
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